Ας βάλουμε ένα ακόμη… ‘θαυματουργό’ χαρακτηριστικό σε αυτά του γραφενίου. Ένα υλικό που έχει αρχίσει να αποκτά την ονομασία “wonder material”: τώρα μπορεί να χρησιμοποιηθεί για να δημιουργείται ένα εύκαμπτο, λεπτό και διαφανές στοιχείο από transistor, και να χρησιμοποιηθεί ένας εκτυπωτής inkjet!
Η ανακάλυψη από ερευνητές του Πανεπιστημίου του Cambridge στη Βρετανία που προσπαθούσαν να βελτιώσουν τις επιδόσεις των σημερινών ηλεκτρονικών κυκλωμάτων που τυπώνονται.
Μιλάμε για κανονικά CMOS τρανζίστορ με διάφορα ειδικά ‘μελάνια’ – ferroelectric polymer inks. Το αποτέλεσμα όμως των δημιουργημάτων μέχρι σήμερα ήταν τόσο αργό που δεν μπορούσαν να χρησιμοποιηθούν σαν υπολογιστές.
Αν το γραφένιο μπορεί να αντικαταστήσει ή να βελτιώσει τις συνδεσμολογίες ή τα transistor, αυτά τα κυκλώματα θα είναι πολύ ταχύτερα μας λένε οι ερευνητές.
The actual meat of the discovery is that graphene has been successfully chipped off a block of graphite using a chemical solvent. These flakes are then filtered to remove any larger, print head-clogging chunks, and then turned into a polymer ink. Despite its amazing properties, graphene hasn’t yet found a way into our computers is because it’s currently very hard and expensive to produce, isolate, and use in silicon circuits. Cambridge’s discovery probably won’t help IBM bring 100GHz graphene circuits to market, though — but it could enable, quite literally, wearable computers.
the results are promising: the graphene-based inks are comparable to existing printed circuits, or a little bit faster — and for a first attempt, that’s not bad. The researchers seem very positive about the long-term prospects of the discovery, too: “This paves the way to all-printed, flexible and transparent graphene devices on arbitrary substrates.” In this case, substrates means everything from thin films that can be applied to clothing, all the way through to e-paper and/or flexible TFT displays. Graphene-based inks are transparent, too, incidentally — by virtue of being incredibly thin, and because of graphene’s regular, honeycomb arrangement (see above).
Did anyone think, when they saw their first inkjet printer in the ’80s or ’90s, that they would one day be capable of printing computer circuits? Even more outlandishly, some 3D printers also use inkjet technology — one nozzle places the resin, and an inkjet then fires out a binder to stick it all together. It provides a very interesting counterpoint to standard chip fab processes, too — a silicon wafer might go through five, multi-million-dollar machines to turn into a chip, while all you need to make a graphene chip is a very accurate stepping motor, a pot of graphene ink, and a piezoelectric actuator to propel the ink in minute quantities.
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